Why is grass green?

Grass and most other plants are green because they contain a pigment
known as chlorophyll. The chlorophyll is used in the process of
photosynthesis where a plant produces sugar in the presence of
sunlight. In fact the word 'photosynthesis' means literally to
synthesize or 'make' from light (photo).  There are, of course some
plants which do not contain chlorophyll, and these generally get their
nutrition (food) by other means.  Some examples are the fungi which
decompose dead, and sometimes living, tissue, for their food.
You will find that a green plant needs light to make food.  If the
source of light is cut off, the plant dies. Mushrooms, which are
fungi, do not require light to make food (they decompose matter
as I mentioned above) and you can find mushrooms growing in almost
total darkness.

The process of photosynthesis is described in great detail in many
science books.  It is really the process by which life as we know it
is able to continue and renew itself.

History of Laptop Computers - History

History of Laptop Computers - History

Left - Modern Laptop Today

It is a little hard to determine what was the first portable or laptop computer, the first portable computers did not look like the book-sized and folding laptops that we are familiar with today, however, they were both portable and lapable, and lead to the development of notebook style laptops. I have outlined several potential firsts below and how each qualifies, many of the off-site links provide good photos of the computers that will let you see the progression in design. 

The First Laptop? Maybe

Designed in 1979 by a Briton, William Moggridge, for Grid Systems Corporation, the Grid Compass was one fifth the weight of any model equivalent in performance and was used by NASA on the space shuttle program in the early 1980's. A 340K byte bubble memory lap-top computer with die-cast magnesium case and folding electroluminescent graphics display screen.

Gavilan Computer As The First Laptop?

Manny Fernandez had the idea for a well-designed laptop for executives who were starting to use computer. Fernandez, who started Gavilan Computer, promoted his machines as the first "laptop" computers in May 1983. Many historians consider the Gavilan as the first fully functional laptop computer.

The First Laptop Computer - Osborne 1 
The computer considered by most historians to be the first true portable computer was the Osborne 1. Adam Osborne, an ex-book publisher founded Osborne Computer and produced the Osborne 1 in 1981, a portable computer that weighed 24 pounds

and cost $1795. The Osborne 1 came with a five-inch screen, modem port, two 5 1/4 floppy drives, a large collection of bundled software programs, and a battery pack. The short-lived computer company was never successful. (second photo)

More History of Laptop Firsts

• In January of 1982, Microsoft's Kazuhiko Nishi and Bill Gates begin discussions on designing a portable computer, based on using a new liquid crystal display or LCDscreen. Kazuhiko Nishi later showed the prototype to Radio Shack who agree to manufacture the computer.
• In 1983, Radio Shack released the TRS-80 Model 100, a 4 lb. battery operated portable computer with a flat and more of a laptop design.
• In February 1984, IBM announced the IBM 5155 Portable Personal Computer.
• Three years later in 1986, Radio Shack released the improved and smaller TRS Model 200.
• In 1988, Compaq Computer introduces its first laptop PC with VGA graphics - theCompaq SLT/286.
• In 1989, NEC UltraLite was released, considered by some to be the first "notebook style" computer. It was a laptop size computer 
• which weighed under 5 lbs. (Photo)

In September 1989, Apple Computer released the first Macintosh Portable that later 

evolved into the Powerbook. ( photo)

·          In 1989, Zenith Data Systems released the Zenith MinisPort, a 6-pound laptop computer. (more Zenith laptops)

·          In October 1989, Compaq Computer released its first notebook PC, the Compaq LTE.

·         In March 1991, Microsoft released the Microsoft BallPoint Mouse that used both mouse and trackball technology in a pointing device designed for laptop computers.

·         In October 1991, Apple Computers released the Macintosh PowerBook 100, 140, and170 - all notebook style laptops. (more on Powerbooks)

·         In October 1992, IBM released its ThinkPad 700 laptop computer.

·        In 1992, Intel and Microsoft release APM or the Advanced Power Management specification for laptop computers.

·         In 1993, the first PDAs or Personal Digital Assistants are released. PDAs are pen-based hand-held computers.

Stump (cricket)

Stump is a term used in the sport of cricket where it has three different meanings:

1. part of the wicket, 2. a manner of dismissing a batsman, and 3. the end of the day's play ("stumps").

The stumps are three vertical posts which support two bails. The stumps and bails are usually made of wood, and together form a wicket at each end of the pitch. The overall width of each wicket is 9 inches (22.9 cm).




Part of the wicket

Each stump is 28 inches (71.1 cm) tall with maximum and minimum diameters of 1½ inches (3.81 cm) and 1⅜ inches (3.49 cm). They have a spike at one end for inserting into the ground, and the other end has a U-shaped 'through groove' to provide a resting place for the bails.

Each stump is referred to by a specific name:

• Off stump is the stump on the off side of the wicket (the same side as the batsman's bat).
• Middle (Lie) stump is the centre stump, on the lie of the wicket.
• Leg stump is the stump on the on side of the wicket (the same side as the batsman's legs).

These names are relative to the batsman, so a right-handed batsman's leg stump becomes the off stump when a left-hander is batting.

In modern professional play, the stumps are often emblazoned with a sponsor's logo. Although they are too far away from spectators to be seen, such logos are visible on television coverage.

For professional matches, often one or more of the stumps is hollow and contains a small television camera. This is aligned vertically, but can view through a small window on the side of the stump via a mirror. The so-called stump-cam gives a unique view of play for action replays, particularly when a batsman is bowled. Stump Cameras were first used in the 1992 Cricket World Cup in Australia and after the success of them they have been used ever since.

Manner of dismissing a batsman

In cricket, a batsman can be out stumped if:

• the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket, while the batsman is:
  • out of his ground (because he has moved down the pitch beyond the popping crease, usually in an attempt to hit the ball);
  • receiving a delivery which is not a no ball; and
  • not attempting a run.

Being "out of his ground" is defined as not having any part of the batsman's body or his bat touching the ground behind the crease - i.e., if his bat is slightly elevated from the floor despite being behind the crease then he would be considered out (if stumped). One of the fielding team (such as the wicket-keeper himself) must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpire. The appeal is normally directed to the square-leg umpire, who would be in the best position to adjudicate on the appeal.

Stumping is the fifth most common form of dismissal after caught, bowled, leg before wicket andrun out, though it is seen more commonly in Twenty20 cricket. It is governed by Law 39 of theLaws of cricket. It is usually seen when a medium or slow bowler is bowling, as with fast bowlers a wicket-keeper takes the ball too far back from the wicket to attempt a stumping. It requires co-operation between a bowler and wicket-keeper: the bowler must induce the batsman to move out of his ground, and the wicket-keeper must catch and break the wicket before the batsman realises he has missed the ball and makes his ground, i.e. places the bat or part of his body on the ground back behind the popping crease. If the bails are removed before the wicket-keeper has the ball, the batsman can still be stumped if the wicket-keeper removes one of the stumps from the ground, while holding the ball in his hand. The bowler is credited for the batsman's wicket, and the wicket-keeper is credited for the dismissal. A batsman may not be out stumped off a no ball, but may be stumped off a wide delivery.

Notes:

• "On the crease" is not "behind the crease".
• The wicket must be properly put down in accordance with Law 28 of the Laws of cricket: using either the ball itself or a hand or arm that is in possession of the ball. Note that since the ball itself can legally put down the wicket, a stumping is still valid even if the ball merely rebounds from the 'keeper and breaks the wicket, even though never controlled by him.
• The wicket-keeper must allow the ball to pass the stumps before taking it, unless it has touched either bat or batsman first.

End of the day's play

Stumps is also used as a term to mean the end of a day's play, e.g. "The umpires called stumps" means that the umpires have declared play over for the day. At the end of a session, i.e. before lunch or tea, the umpires will remove the bails; at the end of the day's play, the umpires will remove the stumps.

1

Chinese Rice

Prep Time

20-25 minutes

Cook Time

20-25 minutes

Serves

2-3

 Chinese rice recipe is a quick and impressive dish.

 1   INGREDIENTS

•  Rice (boiled) 2 cups
• Eggs 3
• Carrot 2
• Spring onion 4-5
• Garlic clove 3-4
• White pepper to taste
• Oster sauce 4 tbsp
• Soya sauce 4 tbsp
• Oil
• Salt
 2   COOKING DIRECTIONS
•  Heat oil in a wok add garlic slices and fry.
• Add all chopped vegetables and fry.
• Put boiled rice, white pepper, oyster sauce, soya sauce and salt.
• Cook eggs and add in rice mix well.
• Ready to serve.

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Logitech QuickCam Messenger WebCam

Six Easy Tips to Make Life More Eco-friendly

Green living and being more energy efficient is something that everyone has to think about nowadays. Not only is the good of the environment at the forefront of everyone’s minds but the pinch of the recession means that saving money is something that even more people are thinking about that ever. Here are a few easy tips to help you make a start on making everyday life that little bit greener:

1. Unplug, Turn Off & Shutdown
Even when your computer, TV and other appliances are on standby, they’re using electricity! Try to make sure you shutdown, switch off at the mains or unplug electrical items in the home wherever possible. This will also reduce your carbon footprint as it’s estimated that equipment left on standby in the UK produces 3.1 million tonnes of CO2 a year!

2. Give Your Shower a Facelift
Getting a newer and better showerhead could save up to 5 litres of water a minute! A new more efficient showerhead can use up to a third less water per minute than older models.

3. Eat Locally & Seasonally
So much produce in your local supermarket has been shipped from faraway lands! Shipped by boat, truck, plane or train just think about the amount of greenhouse gases that have been emitted to get that bunch of bananas there!

4. Improve Heat Retention in Your Home
Probably the two most common green home improvements: installing double glazing and loft insulation. Although not as easy as the above tips, these two combined can massively increase heat retention in the home and therefore decrease energy bills therefore reducing your carbon footprint. It’s definitely something we should all think about getting done.

5. Lower the Thermostat
We all know just how cold it can get here in the UK, especially after the winter just gone but turning your thermostat down by just one degree can reduce energy usage by up to 10%.

6. Look After Your Car & Don’t Overfill the Tank or the Boot
If your tyre pressures are right and your car is looked after, it WILL run more efficiently. Leaving loads of stuff in the boot and filling the tank to the brim also add extra weight which means more fuel is used. Try to put less petrol in more often and keep the clutter to a minimum and you’ll help save money and the environment.

Increase the energy efficiency of your home with double glazing from Safestyle UK

Green living and being more energy efficient is something that everyone has to think about nowadays. Not only is the good of the environment at the forefront of everyone’s minds but the pinch of the recession means that saving money is something that even more people are thinking about that ever. Here are a few easy tips to help you make a start on making everyday life that little bit greener:

1. Unplug, Turn Off & Shutdown
Even when your computer, TV and other appliances are on standby, they’re using electricity! Try to make sure you shutdown, switch off at the mains or unplug electrical items in the home wherever possible. This will also reduce your carbon footprint as it’s estimated that equipment left on standby in the UK produces 3.1 million tonnes of CO2 a year!

2. Give Your Shower a Facelift
Getting a newer and better showerhead could save up to 5 litres of water a minute! A new more efficient showerhead can use up to a third less water per minute than older models.

3. Eat Locally & Seasonally
So much produce in your local supermarket has been shipped from faraway lands! Shipped by boat, truck, plane or train just think about the amount of greenhouse gases that have been emitted to get that bunch of bananas there! 

4. Improve Heat Retention in Your Home
Probably the two most common green home improvements: installing double glazing and loft insulation. Although not as easy as the above tips, these two combined can massively increase heat retention in the home and therefore decrease energy bills therefore reducing your carbon footprint. It’s definitely something we should all think about getting done.

5. Lower the Thermostat
We all know just how cold it can get here in the UK, especially after the winter just gone but turning your thermostat down by just one degree can reduce energy usage by up to 10%.

6. Look After Your Car & Don’t Overfill the Tank or the Boot
If your tyre pressures are right and your car is looked after, it WILL run more efficiently. Leaving loads of stuff in the boot and filling the tank to the brim also add extra weight which means more fuel is used. Try to put less petrol in more often and keep the clutter to a minimum and you’ll help save money and the environment.

Increase the energy efficiency of your home with double glazing from Safestyle UK

How to Create Blogger Account

If you are already using Blogger account you dont need to create New Blogger Account because Blogger Support multiple blogs on one account for Blogger you will simply need to visit http://www.blogger.com/home this page and click on Create a Blog in the title section fill the title you want for your blog and in blog address(URL) chose the URL for you blog URL look something like this (http://itcharger.blogspot.com) you can use diffident address then the one you use for your title and blog adders but best is that if your blog both title and URL is same down to URL you will see Word Verification just type the same word you see upto this box in red color and Hit Enter your new blog is ready!

For those who are new to Bloger and have Gmail  id first visit this page https://www.blogger.com/signup.g then fill the information given there the first box is about Email address  fill your email there Retype email address type your email again  in Enter a password type password you

will like to use and in Retype password type password again in Display name you will type then name you wana to be 

Display in your Bloger profile and in Email notifications  like in the box if you wana geting notification from blogger activities comments or other things in Birthday simply type your birth day and again Word Verification type same word as you see above to this box in read click onCONTINUE

button at the end of the page and then chose your blog name your URL and you are done 

How to put Google adsense in the middle of post

 The answer is yes. You can display Google adsense in the middle of your Blogger Blogspot post. The way to do this is a bit more compilcated than displaying the adsense in other parts of post mentioned in other Post. That is probably why not so many bloggers have implemented this technique for their blogs, compared to the other techniques. However, if you are looking around, you can see few bloggers have used this technique to display Google adsense.

The only thing to bear in mind is that, Google adsense in the middle of post will break the flow of your post information. Your readers may not so like this and therefore may affect your presence online. However, it is all you to decide whether to display Google adsense in the middle of your post or prefer other more common techniques such under post title or in the beginning of post.

Google Apps Amazon Price: $5.45 List Price: $39.99

Steps to display Google adsense in the middle of post

Here is the method on how you can put Google adsense in the middle of your Blogspot post.

1.                Log in to your Blogspot dashboard

2.                Go to Layout and Edit Html of your template and select Expand Widget

3.                Find this code:

                   <data :post.body/>

4.                Replace the above code (#3) with the following new code:

                                  
_______________________________________________________________

               <div expr:id=’"aim1" + data:post.id’>

              <div style="clear:both; margin:10px 0">

       < !– Your parsed Google AdSense code here –>

        < /div>

                < div expr:id=’"aim2" + data:post.id’>

                 <data :post.body/>

                 </div>

________________________________________________________

5.                Save your template. Done.

6.                Now, everytime your write a new post, put this code in the middle of the post at location where you want the adsense to appear.

So, you have actually a choice to minimize te breaking effect of the adsense to the post flow you are presenting to your reader. It is best to put the adsense after a block of information flow is completed before the next one. In other words, avoid placing the adsense in the middle of an information block that will distract your reader attention.